在冷兵器时代,骑兵是重塑欧亚大陆版图的重要力量。但人类初次跨上马背的历史,却是一部充满颠簸与创伤的血泪史。从颜那亚先民的“骑马综合征”,到斯基泰人的软垫;从秦汉、波斯与古罗马在皮革上的尝试,到魏晋南北朝的“木质高桥鞍”。本期视频,我们将从生物人类学与考古学视角,为您还原马鞍的演进史。没有这层木质底座,就没有后来的马镫,更不会有横扫欧亚的铁骑。
📚【核心参考文献】🔻 外文(按发表年份排序):
Yang, S., et al. (2025). Unveiling the Xianbei cavalry: a multidisciplinary approach to restore and analyse the first horse-cavalry armour set in China. Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Bayarsaikhan, J., et al. (2024). The origins of saddles and riding technology in East Asia: discoveries from the Mongolian Altai. Antiquity, 98(397), 102-118.
Hosek, L., et al. (2024). Tracing horseback riding and transport in the human skeleton. Science Advances, 10(38).
Wertmann, P., et al. (2023). The earliest directly dated saddle for horse-riding from a mid-1st millennium BCE female burial in Northwest China. Archaeological Research in Asia, 35.
Trautmann, M., et al. (2023). First bioanthropological evidence for Yamnaya horsemanship. Science Advances, 9(9).
Stepanova, E. V., et al. (2021). Saddles of the Hun-Sarmatian period. Masters of the Steppe, 561-87.
Mylnikov, V. P., & Tishkin, A. A. (2016). Wooden Saddle Trees from Yaloman II in the Altai. Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia, 44(3), 47-55.
🔻 中文:
李云河:《汉末魏晋时期马具改革与甲骑具装的关系》,《考古与文物》2025年第10期
周梦圆、周保华:《南京东吴丁奉墓出土釉陶骑马俑及相关问题探讨》,《考古》2023年第9期
李云河:《再论马镫的起源》,《考古》2021年11期
李云河:《中国古代“软马鞍”及相关问题》,《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2019年第8期
🎬【纪录片】
《中国》第一季第8集:融合 (湖南卫视/芒果TV)
《河西走廊》第4集:根脉 (CCTV)
《Equus: Story of the Horse》 (CBC)
Digitális Legendárium:IN THE SADDLE, ON HORSEBACK - The art of war of the conquest-era Magyars
Full Tilt Jousting :Roman Auxiliary Cavalry. 4 Horned Saddle Test
Full Tilt Jousting :Scythian Saddle & Horse Archery with the Scythian saddle
Airnt:Mounting a horse in 15th century Armour
🎞️【影视剧】
《天国王朝》 (Kingdom of Heaven, 2005)
《亚历山大大帝》 (Alexander, 2004)
《与狼共舞》 (Dances with Wolves, 1990)
《国王》 (The King, 2019)
《法外之王》 (Outlaw King, 2018)
《安市城》 (The Great Battle, 2018)
硬核考据不易,如果这期视频对您了解古代军事史有所帮助,还请长按点赞三连支持!您的鼓励是我持续爆肝最大的动力!